An electrically excitable cell known as a neuron or nerve cell uses synapses, which are specialized connections, to communicate with other cells. With the exception of sponges and placozoa, the neuron is the primary element of nervous tissue in all animals. Nerve cells are not present in plants or fungi. According to how they work, neurons are often divided into three categories. Signals are sent to the spinal cord or the brain by sensory neurons in response to stimuli like touch, sound, or light that influence the cells of the sensory organs. To govern everything from muscle contractions to glandular production, motor neurons receive instructions from the brain and spinal cord. Within the same area of the brain or spinal cord, interneurons link one neuron to another. when several neurons are interconnected. A normal neuron is made up of an axon, dendrites, and the cell body (soma). Axons and dendrites are filaments that protrude from the soma, which is a compact structure.